Carrier wings frequently have an attached Marine Strike Fighter squadron, though.
The Marines do have units that can deploy quickly for additional security, but it's normally sailors who do standard security and boarding. Mind you, they go through a good bit of training, but it's not as threatening as saying there are US Marines preparing to board!
Also, every combatant ship the U. S. Navy has built, with the exception of USS Long Beach (CGN-9), since the end of the World War II programs has been of a destroyer derivation. Which means no Marine Detachment.