I’m sure you have the events right from the canon. But it makes no sense that the saKhan of one Clan has the authority to abjure a different Clan (or some fraction thereof). Only the ilKhan (in an emergency) or the Grand Council should have the authority to abjure an entire Clan or intervene in another Clan’s affairs. Sloppy plotting.
Not really. Whether or not a saKhan has the authority is a matter for the kaKhan and saKhan to decide.
But - Natasha Kerenksy bid the entire Clan, so when the Falcons were able to proclaim victory following Ulrics death, they were able to claim the entire Clan as isorla. A de facto Absorption.
This included Phelan Kells forces.
As part of Clan Jade Falcon, the Jade Falcons were legally able to Abjure that portion of their Clan. That Phelans forces kept calling themselves Wolves is irrelevant.
Regardless, it still makes no sense for Falcons to respect zellbrigen and engage in formal trials with Phelan’s Wolves during and after Morges. Phelan’s Wolves had joined with the Spheroids, and the Falcons had just suffered a debilitating war against the Wolves for the express purpose of guaranteeing their right to prosecute a war against those same Spheroids.
Actually, it does make sense. It was the Falcons trying to demonstrated that they were better and more moral than the Wolves. What doesn't make sense is the Wolves acceptance that six to one odds is how "true" warriors do battle. Phelan should have had quite a few Trial of Grievance following that little declaration of his.