Since writing the original post, I got a personal message from jymset indicating that option c appears to be correct -- based on the logic that the Missile Launchers entry in TechManual (specifically the boxed text on p. 231) points ProtoMech designers back to their units' own unique missile launcher construction rules and that TacOps does not, strictly speaking, override this. I'm willing to go with that.
Of course, if ProtoMechs can't actually use improved OS launchers because their own construction rules take precedence, they should not be listed as being able to do so in Tactical Operations...so, should I add that point to the relevant errata thread?