It counts on how the ship was destroyed. If it had been under thrust or had a big explosion the wreck will be moving at a certain speed. A speed a jumpship won't be able to follow. A dropship would but it would take time. Another issue would be timeframe. If salvage operations were immediate it shouldn't be a issue but if several months or even years go by the wreck will have drifted well out of any recovery.
The current velocity of Voyager 1 is 62,140 km/h, or 1,036 km/min, which translates to an Aerospace velocity of 57 space hexes per turn.
57 hexes/turn would be generally much more velocity than a warship would be expected to have even during combat maneuvers (I am not talking about fast passes; that is a different beast that even a full-on warship would have difficulty catching).
You underestimate the power of a station-keeping drive; that 0.2 thrust will move a ship that it at a relative standstill to a velocity of 1 hex per turn after five minutes of burn; that is 18 km/min, or 1,080 km/hr... without burning additional fuel.
By keeping the afterburners on, it will take a jumpship (or a space station) little under five hours of burn to reach a velocity of 57 hexes/turn. Ten hours yields double that, and 24 hours five times that velocity, which will make short work of even months of drift from the target warship.
A dropship capable of at least a 1/2 thrust rating would theoretically be able to go after Voyager 1, catch up to it, and bring it back, even after a thousand years of travel... in a few weeks.
The key is having an accurate trajectory, and I mean dead-accurate; once you know this trajectory, you can calculate how far the target has drifted, taking into account the gravity of any major objects in the system.
Heck, considering that a trust of 2 is the equivalent of 1
g, you could build a dropship with a 2/3 engine, two years of fuel stores, and 6 1/2 years of supplies... and you can get to Proxima Centauri without jumping in about, well, 6 1/2 years.
How? Accelerate at 1
g for a year, which will get to close to 99% of the speed of light, switch off the engine, coast for the 4.243 light-years of distance, then end-over, and decelerate for a year at 1
g.
Distance is not an obstacle; the only real issue is trajectory.